Association between intercellular adhesion molecule-1 K469E polymorphism and coronary heart disease in people with Uygur ethnicity, in Xinjiang / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the distribution on K469E single nucleotide polymorphism of ICAM-1 gene among people with Uygur ethnicity, in Xinjiang and to analyze the correlation between ICAM-1 gene polymorphism and coronary heart disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>245 patients with coronary heart disease patients and 377 healthy controls in Xinjiang Uygur population were studied. ICAM-1 gene K469E genotype located in exon 6 were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragments length polymorphism.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Distribution of genotypes in the two groups appeared to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). The distribution of genotypes showed significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.039)and the distributions of K and E allele also presented statistically significant difference (P = 0.031). Significant difference was also observed in males(P = 0.029 for genotype, P = 0.025 for allele)but not in females. After adjusted for confounding factors, results from logistic regression analysis indicated that KK genotype was a risk factor for CHD in Uygur male population (OR = 2.389, 95% CI:1.458-3.915, P = 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Genetic polymorphism of ICAM-1 K469E might increase the risk for coronary artery disease in males of Uygur patients in Xinjiang.</p>

Efficacy comparison between endovascular aneurysm repair versus open surgery for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms: a meta-analysis / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the efficacy between endovascular aneurysm repair versus open surgery in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A systematic review was performed to identify clinical outcomes of randomized controlled trials for AAA patients receiving endovascular aneurysm repair or open surgery. The Cochrane Library (issue 7 of 2011), MEDLINE (1996 to 2011), EMBASE (1974 to 2011), CBM (1989 to 2011), CNKI (1997 to 2011), Wanfang data (1989 to 2011) were searched. Randomized trials that compared open or endovascular AAA repair and published clinical outcomes were selected. The outcome included all-cause mortality, aneurysm-related mortality, technical complications and re-open surgery. Data analyses were performed with the RevMan5.1 software. Publication bias was assessed by STATA software. A meta-regression model was used to describe between study variability. A total of 123 trials were excluded according to criteria. Four randomized controlled trials with 2607 patients met the inclusion criteria.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no publication bias (Begg's test, Z = 1.02, P > 0.05; Egger's test, t = 0.98, P > 0.05). The meta-analysis showed that the incidence of all-cause mortality of endovascular repair was significantly lower than that of open repair up to 30 days post procedures [ RR = 0.32, 95%CI (0.18 - 0.56), P < 0.01] while long-term all-cause mortality was similar: DREAM study: [RR = 1.18, 95%CI (0.88 - 1.58), P > 0.05], EVAR study: [RR = 1.04, 95%CI (0.88 - 1.22), P > 0.05]. The incidence of aneurysm-related mortality of endovascular repair was lower than that of open repair in two studies [RR = 0.53, 95%CI (0.33 - 0.85), P < 0.01]. Technical complication between open repair group and endovascular repair group was similar [RR = 1.43, 95%CI (0.68 - 2.98), P > 0.05]. Incidence of re-open surgery was higher in endovascular repair group than in open surgery group [RR = 2.03, 95%CI (1.14 - 3.62), P < 0.05].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with open surgery, endovascular repair is associated with lower 30-day all-cause mortality and aneurysm-related mortality, similar technical complication and long-term all-cause mortality, but higher risk for re-open surgery.</p>

Prevalence and associated factors of diabetes mellitus in children of Han, Uigurs and Kazaks ethnicities in Xinjiang / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus and its associated risk factors in children with Han,Uygur and Kazak ethnicities in Xinjiang.Methods A cross-sectional random samples involving aged 0-17 years were carried out to analyze the prevalence rates and associated risk factors of diabetes mellitus in children of Han,Uigur and Kazak ethnicities from 3 prefectures (Hetian,Kashi and Fuhai) in Xinjiang Autonomous Regions.Diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) were defined by the China Diabetes Prevention and Control Standard set in 2007.Data was collected through filling in the questionnaires and results from physical examination and laboratory tests.Results The total prevalence rates of IFG and diabetes mellitus were 0.68％ and 0.09％,respectively.Data from logistic regression analysis suggested that overweight and obesity were risk factors for diabetes mellitus in children from Xinjiang,with odds ratio values as 2.844 and 3.963,respectively.Conclusion Children with Han,Uygur and Kazak ethnicities in Xinjiang had an overall standardized prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus.IFG were 0.57％ and 1.35％lower than the 2004 data from children at same age groups in Beijing and the whole nation,also 0.19％lower then the national rate of 5-17 years-old children juvenile diabetes.

Epidemiological survey on lipid levels in adults with Han, Uygur and Kazakh ethnicities from Xinjiang, China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence rates of triglyceride,total cholesterol,high density lipoprotein cholesterol,low density lipoprotein cholesterol in Han,Uygur and Kazakh populations aged over 35 years,in Xinjiang area.Methods A four-stage randomly selected samples were used to analyze the prevalence rates of lipid levels in different nationalities,ages,sexes based on data from 7 areas in Xinjiang.Results ( 1 ) TG levels in Xinjiang appeared to be the highest in Han and lowest in Kazakh ethnicities with the means as (1.72 ± 1.45 )mmol/L,(1.21 ± 0.93 )mmol/L (F=209.272,P=0.000) respectively.The highest TC levels were seen in Kazakh with the lowest seen in Uygur,with means as (4.78 ± 1.16) mmol/L,(4.37 ± 1.13) mmol/L (F=168.796,P=0.000)respectively.Both HDL-C and LDL-C levels in Kazakh were the highest but remained the same level in Han and Uygur.(2) The value of TG reached the peak at age 45 to 54 in Han and Uygur,and then descending along with ageing.The overall TC level increased along with age but the HDL-C level generally declined with ageing.The LDL-C level showed a waving distribution along with the increase of age.(3) The TG levels were seen higher in men than in women among Han,Uygur and Kazakh but the TC levels of Han and Uygur were lower in men than in women.Both HDL-C and LDL-C levels were also lower in Han and Kazakh males than in females.(4) The prevalence rates of abnormalities were 35.12％,32.57％ and 16.44％ on TG; 27.83％,17.05％ and 33.43％ on TC; 32.68％,31.73％ and 28.72％ HDL-C;36.95％,37.02％ and 38.00％ on LDL-C,respectively.Conclusion People with Han and Uygur ethnicities in Xinjiang region had high TG,but low HDL-C distribution of blood lipids while the Kazakh had low TG,high TC,high HDL-C,high LDL-C blood lipids distribution.The distributions of TG levels were different in age,nationality and sex,except the distribution of LDL-C levels.More attention should be paid to the young men of Han and Uygur on prevention of dyslipidemia,in Xinjiang.

Epidemiological survey of carotid artery intima-media thickness in Han, Uygur and Hazakh population of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and the correlated risk factors in Han, Uygur, Hazakh residents over 35 years old of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Cross-sectional and cluster sampling random selected method was carried out for residents over 35 years old in Han, Uygur, Hazakh population of Xinjiang to investigate IMT and correlated risk factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>IMT of Han, Uygur, Hazakh residents over 35 years old of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region was (0.0761 ± 0.0283) cm, (0.0663 ± 0.0262) cm, and (0.0781 ± 0.0274) cm, respectively. There were significantly difference between various nationality (all P < 0.05). IMT was thicker in male Han people than in female Han people [(0.0807 ± 0.0288) cm vs. (0.0717 ± 0.0270) cm, P < 0.01] and in male Uygur than in female Uygur residents [(0.0706 ± 0.0270) cm vs. (0.0633 ± 0.0252) cm, P < 0.01] and in male Hazakh and female Hazakh residents [(0.0794 ± 0.0280) cm vs. (0.0768 ± 0.0268) cm, P < 0.01]. Linear correlation analysis showed that age (r = 0.176, P < 0.05), systolic blood pressure (r = 0.168, P < 0.05), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.167, P < 0.05), fasting blood glucose (r = 0.053, P < 0.05), total cholesterol (r = 0.097, P < 0.05) and ankle brachial index (r = 0.067, P < 0.05) were significantly correlated with IMT.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our results showed that IMT was thicker in Hazakh residents than in Han and Uygur residents. IMT was closely related to known cardiovascular risk factors including age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol and ankle brachial index level.</p>

Association of the Pro1770Leu polymorphism in CYP5A1 gene with myocardial infarction in Uigur population of Xinjiang / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between the polymorphism of the thromboxane synthase gene and Uigur patients with myocardial infarction (MI) in Xinjiang.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three hundred and fifteen patients with MI and 218 healthy control subjects were detected by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. The serum thromboxane B2 (TXB2) in all subjects was detected with radioimmunoassay kit.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The genotype distributions of the MI group and control group were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (Chi-square=0.375,0.029, P>0.05). The frequencies of CC and TC were 0.933 and 0.067 in MI group while they were 0.977 and 0.023 in controls. There was significant difference in frequencies of the TC genotype and T allele but no difference in frequencies of CC genotype between controls and MI cases. There was significant difference in serum TXB2 level between the MI and control group (P<0.05), and between individuals of the TC and CC genotypes (P<0.05). The serum TXB2 level in the MI cases with TC genotype was increased compared with that of other genotypes (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The TC genotype and T allele of thromboxane synthase gene might be risk factors of MI in Uigur population in Xinjiang, which might result from the increased serum TXB2 level.</p>

Association of Rs10487667 genetic polymorphism of thromboxane synthase with myocardial infarction in Uigur population of Xinjiang / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between the polymorphism of thromboxane synthase gene (CYP5A1) and myocardial infarction (MI) of Uigur nationality patients in Xinjiang.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rs10487667 site polymorphism in CYP5A1 gene of 318 patients with MI (MI group) and 232 healthy control subjects (control group) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. The serum thromboxane B(2)(TXB(2)) concentration was also detected in all subjects. The relationship of multiple factors and myocardial infarction was evaluated comprehensively by non-condition logistic regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequencies of CYP5A1 gene Rs10487667 site polymorphism in MI group and control group were: GG type 0.204 (65/318) and 0.155 (36/232), GT type 0.553 (176/318) and 0.466 (106/232), TT type 0.242 (77/318) and 0.379 (88/232), respectively. There was significant difference in frequencies of GG genotype (χ(2) = 12.193, P = 0.002) between two groups and G allele frequency in MI group (0.481 (306/636)) was significant higher than control group (0.388 (180/464)) (χ(2) = 9.449, P = 0.021), but no difference in frequencies of GT and TT genotypes (χ(2) = 0.699, P > 0.05)between controls and MI cases. There was significant difference in serum TXB(2) level between MI ((184.3 ± 34.7) pg/ml) and control ((124.3 ± 28.1) pg/ml) groups (t = 5.503, P = 0.034). In the case and control group, the serum TXB(2) level of the person with GT + GG genotype ((164.21 ± 22.56) and (134.26 ± 19.83) pg/ml)) was significant higher than those of TT genotypes ((113.67 ± 54.23) and (98.54 ± 13.11) pg/ml) (t values were 5.433 and 5.108, respectively, both P values < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the T allele of the CYP5A1 gene was one independent risk factor of MI (OR = 1.673, 95%CI: 1.020 - 2.156) after adjustment of risk factors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Rs10487667 polymorphism in CYP5A1 gene might be a risk factor of MI in Uigur population in Xinjiang, which maybe related with the significant high serum TXB(2) level.</p>

Association of ankle-brachial index and pulse wave velocity with stroke in Han, Uighur, and Kazakh population of Xinjiang / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between stroke and ankle-brachial index (ABI), pulse wave velocity (PWV) in Han, Uighur, and Kazakh populations of Xinjiang. Methods Data was from the investigation of cardiovascular risk survey (CRS) program among different nationalities in Xinjiang from October 2007 to March 2010. A total of 14 618 samples aged over 35 with complete data dimension were surveyed. Results ( 1 ) There were 633 patients with stroke, including 258 Hans (4.48%), 247 Uighurs (5.18%), and 128 Kazakhs (3.13%). The incidence of stroke was significant different in the three ethnic groups (P＜0.001). (2)Compared to the Han population, the incidence of stroke was higher ( OR= 1.304) in Uighur but lower (OR=0.794) in Kazakh. (3) PWV was significant different between stroke and non-stroke patients. After adjustment for age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride, total cholesterol and other risk factors, the difference remained significant, indicating that PWV (OR=1.001, P＜0.001) might associate with the occurrence of stroke. Conclusion The results of this study showed that the incidence of stroke was significantly different in the three ethnic groups. PWV might associate with the occurrence of stroke.

Incidence and distributing feature of chronic heart failure in adult population of Xinjiang / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the prevalence and distributing feature of chronic heart failure (CHF) in adult population of Xinjiang.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four-stage random sampling method was used to analyze the prevalence and distributing feature of self-reported congestive heart failure among different nationalities in adult (35 years and over) population of Xinjiang. Sampling was collected from 6 localities (Urumqi, Kelamayi, Fukang, Turfan Basin, Hetian, Yili Hazakh).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 8459 adults were surveyed. The prevalence of CHF was 1.26% in this cohort. The prevalence of CHF was 0.89%, 1.11% and 2.14%(*) in Han, Uygur and Hazakh population, respectively ((*)P < 0.05 vs. Han and Uygur). The risk of CHF was higher in the males than in the females (1.61% vs. 0.93%, u = 2.79, P < 0.05). The prevalence of CHF increased in proportion with aging and was 0.29%, 0.60%, 1.32%, 2.55% and 4.10% in 35 - 44, 45 - 54, 55 - 64, 65 - 74, 75 years and over age groups, respectively. Common complications of CHF were hypertension (63.55%), coronary heart disease (42.99%), diabetes (18.69%), valvular heart disease (5.61%) and atrial fibrillation (4.67%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of CHF in Xinjiang was higher than the average level in China (0.9%) and was the highest in the Hazakh population.</p>

Outcome of percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty for patients with pulmonary valve stenosis / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the effects of percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (PBPV) for patients with pulmonary valve stenosis (PS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February 1996 to March 2003, 65 patients with isolated PS were diagnosed by echocardiography and received PBPV in our department, clinical data were analyzed in this study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Age of 65 patients ranged from 1 to 48 years [mean (13.5 +/- 9.3) years]. The pulmonary transvalvular gradient (PTG) was (86.4 +/- 33.6) mm Hg(1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) and the right ventricular systolic pressure was (107.5 +/- 36.5) mm Hg before PBPV. Single-balloon valvuloplasty was performed in 41 patients, double-balloon valvuloplasty in 6 patients and Inoue-balloon valvuloplasty in 18 patients. The ratio of balloon/valve ranged from 1.00 to 1.19 in 19 patients, from 1.20 to 1.39 in 42 patients, and greater than 1.40 in 4 patients. The procedure was classified as successful when the RV-PA gradient was < 36 mm Hg post procedure, 6 to 12 months follow up was finished after PBPV by catheterization or echocardiography in 25 patients. Immediate post procedure success rate was 81.5% (53/65). The lowest PTG immediately post procedure was seen in Inoue balloon group and balloon/valve ratio between 1.20 to 1.39 group. Post procedure, tricuspid valve regurgitation was evidenced in 2 patients, reactive right ventricular outflow tract stenosis was shown in 26 patients (13 from Inoue group) and pulmonary regurgitation was detected in 3 patients. The mean PTG was (35.7 +/- 23.9) mm Hg at follow-up. PTG gradually reduced to normal in 6 patients with post procedure PTG > or = 36 mm Hg. Right ventricular outflow tract stenosis was attenuated in all 11 followuped patients. There was no restenosis during follow-up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty was effective and safe for treating patients with pulmonary valve stenosis. Superior outcome was linked with balloon/valve ratio between 1.20 to 1.39 and Inoue balloon valvuloplasty in this cohort.</p>